CLOSED DIE FORGING is the process where a pressing of forging stock is accurately and uniformly shaped into a die, or set of top and bottom dies, depending on the design requirements. The alloy deformation is confined within the shaped cavity of the dies to achieve the desired engineering configuration. Depending on such factors as complex multi-segmented precision wrap dies to simple two-piece conventional top-and-bottom dies.
APP utilizes hydraulic, mechanical, and upsetter presses to produce our closed die forgings. Hydraulic presses forge metal slower by squeezing the metal versus with sharp blows, and rely on one of more hydraulic rams to force the dies together. The mechanical press can usually complete a forging action with one quick blow to the forging stock metal. mechanical presses rely on force from energy through the rotating flywheel. This stored energy is transferred to the dies each time the press is activated. Upsetters are double acting mechanical presses in a horizontal plane. The force from the flywheel is directed to the forging stock metal between two dies and deformed by a punch that exerts force to the end on the stock metal. Press requirements are determined according to the production and budget specifications. APP’s sales and engineering staff will talk you through the appropriate process for your product.
The advantage of close die forging is that is can produce near net shapes that require minimal finishing. It is very cost effective for high quantity production runs, and forging provides outstanding mechanical properties over all other metal forming processes due to the internal grain structure that is formed.
Conventional Forgings
Process by which the material is placed between two dies with upper & lower impressions designed for the desired shape of the forging. Conventional forgings are produced through the use of a single pair of die or with multiple impression dies.
Precision Forgings
Are characterized by 0 to 1 degree draft angles, thin sections, close tolerances, small radii, and excellent surface finishes. These parts require little to no machining.
View our guide for more information on what makes a good die forging candidate.